Sources, access and applicability

BG006 · Introduction to TRE x-ATM V 2.0: A Versatile Model of Auroral Transport and Its Effects in the Ionosphere

ref: S001

url: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2026EA005013

doi: 10.1029/2026EA005013

locators: ["Published model description/optical-output claims; API availability is separately audited in BG 021. No exact 337 numerical result taken from this source."]

access: Open publisher methods, comparison table, inversion tests, uncertainty table and availability inspected

conditions: []

limits: ["Model scenario output requires particle inputs and is not a Kp-binned observational climatology.","Ground atmospheric corrections cannot be applied blindly to upward/nadir geometry.","Current API docs must be checked: September 2026 release changed defaults and fixed mean-versus-characteristic energy handling."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_round_01.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-0c58330391acd5"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: 2026

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG012 · LIME: Lunar Irradiance Model of ESA

ref: S002

url: https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/3649/2024/index.html

doi: 10.5194/acp-24-3649-2024

locators: ["LIME instrument/model band coverage and validation; actual v 2 observed-wavelength archive inspected separately in campaign."]

access: Open primary methods and instrument bands inspected

conditions: []

limits: ["An interpolated or extrapolated 337 nm prediction needs an independent UV uncertainty budget; the actual photometer has no 337 nm band."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_round_02.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-10086998412a43"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG013 · Measurements of absolute, SI-traceable lunar irradiance with air-LUSI

ref: S003

url: https://www.nist.gov/publications/measurements-absolute-si-traceable-lunar-irradiance-airborne-lunar-spectral-irradiance

doi: 10.1088/1681-7575/ac64dc

locators: ["Abstract and wavelength-dependent uncertainty results: measured 350-980 nm; <=1% demonstrated 450-970 nm."]

access: NIST primary abstract and instrument/uncertainty summary inspected

conditions: []

limits: ["Neither the nominal instrument range nor the stated lowest uncertainty validates 337 nm calibration."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_round_02.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-6b4b4ca25a99b8","SRC-00a714dbb5cdcf"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG015 · USGS Lunar Calibration: current mission considerations and uncertainty

ref: S004

url: https://www.usgs.gov/calval/lunar-calibration

doi: null

locators: ["Official page mission-considerations and uncertainty discussion; lunar viewing/opposition constraints."]

access: Official full page inspected

conditions: []

limits: ["These are general mission/calibration characteristics, not a calibrated 337 nm lunar irradiance or a free operational resource."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_round_02.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-c45bb39ea6b5f1"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG016 · The spectral irradiance of the Moon

ref: S005

url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70029564

doi: 10.1086/430185

locators: ["ROLO observed wavelength bands and empirical phase/libration model; lowest fitted band about 350 nm."]

access: Primary USGS publication record and abstract inspected; original paper discovered

conditions: []

limits: ["337 nm lies outside the measured wavelength range; absolute accuracy and fit residual are different quantities."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_round_02.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-04a02a73566f17","SRC-1453a8a72985b6"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG017 · TEMPO at Night

ref: S006

url: https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20260001290

doi: 10.1029/2024EA004157

locators: ["PDF§2.1, 2.4, 3, 4.2, 4.3, 4.6, Open Research","NASA metadata publication date 2025-10-01, acquired 2026-02-10"]

access: NASA 27 pageaccepted manuscript: instrument, noise, observingwindows, moon, aurora, lightning and availability inspected; publisher metadata compared

conditions: []

limits: ["Do not treat limb examples or visible moon examples as a polar nadir 4 nm 337 climatology. Need raw twilightradiance, postprocessing, errorcovariance and filterfolding.","TEMPO does not cover 777.4 nm."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_round_02.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-211e2a7530b5b0"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG019 · A Ground-Based Instrument Suite for Integrated High-Time Resolution Measurements of Pulsating Aurora With Arase

ref: S007

url: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2023JA031527

doi: 10.1029/2023JA031527

locators: ["§2.2 and Table 1","§3.1, Figure 5"]

access: Primary full instrument and calibration sections inspected

conditions: []

limits: ["The described bands are 427.8, 844.6, 777.4 and 650-700 nm, not a measured 337 nm profile.","Illustrates calibration/energy-ratio degeneracy, not 30µspolar 337 climatology."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_round_02.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-636625abe0a354"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG021 · TRE x-ATM V 2: current public API capability audit

ref: S008

url: https://api.phys.ucalgary.ca/docs

doi: 10.1029/2026EA005013

locators: ["Current public Open API response schema and optical output fields, archived during campaign; arbitrary 337/777 outputs not declared."]

access: Actual Open API document fetched 2026-10-21 T 22: 28: 53 Z, 91408 bytes, SHA 256 d 38533 aa 0 dc 168 a 5458 c 2617 df 4 bc 3 b 1 c 906 dff 46 a 9504 ec 0 b 6 d 23 f 52 c 4 7e3 dd

conditions: []

limits: ["A paper-level capability is not proof of a callable 337/777 API. Do not send invented flags or relabel 427.8 as 337.","This audit corrects the earlier broad BG 006 API availability implication; source code/access or another model must be checked before running 337/777 scenarios."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_round_02.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-0c58330391acd5"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG023 · GLOW official atmospheric-emission model source and published auroral example

ref: S009

url: https://github.com/NCAR/GLOW

doi: null

locators: ["model_code/NCAR_GLOW_Glowlicense.txt","model_code/NCAR_GLOW_in.basic.aur","reference_numbers_audit.json"]

access: Pinned source, license, example inputs and output inspected; rounded example integrated locally. No compiler/model execution.

conditions: []

limits: ["An imposed precipitation scenario is not a measured moderate-Kp radiance or orbital distribution.","Academic research license retained; no fresh atmospheric model run claimed."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_rounds_03_05.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-2d9f0f3dc050a8"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG025 · Observations of the moon by GOME: radiometric calibration and lunar albedo

ref: S010

url: https://opg.optica.org/ao/abstract.cfm?uri=ao-37-33-7832

doi: 10.1364/AO.37.007832

locators: ["Abstract","Table 1"]

access: Primary abstract and Table 1 inspected. Full text and figures are subscription restricted.

conditions: []

limits: ["Not justified to say UV lunar measurements do not exist. Actual 337 nm albedo, geometry and error budget have not been extracted from this restricted full text."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_rounds_03_05.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-13542a3fa9e9ab"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG027 · The 1997 reference of diffuse night sky brightness: ultraviolet zodiacal table

ref: S011

url: https://aas.aanda.org/articles/aas/pdf/1998/01/ds1449.pdf

doi: 10.1051/aas:1998105

locators: ["Table 19","Section 8.4","reference_numbers_audit.json"]

access: Primary publisher cached Section 8.4/Table 19 recovered. Direct PDF access 403/timeout, not a fully read local PDF.

conditions: []

limits: ["Interpolation choice is not an uncertainty interval. Incident celestial radiance must be integrated over cloud illumination and BRDF; it is not an Earth-filled nadir background."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_rounds_03_05.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-aefc43b7e87db8","SRC-8174c4a0cc0a4f"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG028 · RAIDS public calibrated near-UV archive and mission README

ref: S012

url: https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/raids/

doi: null

locators: ["round 04/raids_readme.pdf, pp 1--2","round 04/raids_nuv_qualification.json","round 04/raids_nuv_sample_header.json"]

access: README, Newsletter 6, directory listings and one small public Net CDF inspected; header and geometry audit saved.

conditions: []

limits: ["Single commissioning-day limb sample is neither nadir cloud nor polar climatology. No radiance numbers exported.","README requests PI authorization and advance draft review before publication/presentation. Private qualification only; no external contact made.","A scan is not automatically simultaneous across wavelength; pixel timing matters."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_rounds_03_05.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-240d32a5c7eb30"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG035 · Low-latitude nightglow pseudo-continuum 300--1800 nm

ref: S013

url: https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/1143/2024/

doi: 10.5194/acp-24-1143-2024

locators: ["Section 2","Section 3","Data availability","round 05/Noll et al.(2024)_primary.xml"]

access: Primary instrument, calibration, continuum-separation, conclusion and data-availability sections inspected; full XML retained.

conditions: []

limits: ["Low-latitude ground data need extinction/sky-component separation and satellite illumination geometry.","A continuum-only spectrum omits structured O2 bands and must not replace total 337 background or double-count a complete sky model.","No 337 nm value has been inferred from a graph or uninspected archive."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_rounds_03_05.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-997dbd92f3f3cc"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG038 · TSIS-1 Hybrid Solar Reference Spectrum version 2 and uncertainty interpretation

ref: S014

url: https://lasp.colorado.edu/lisird/data/tsis1_hsrs/

doi: null

locators: ["round 05/HSRS_p 1 nm_v 2.nc","round 05/spectral_geometry_audit.json","Coddington 2021 Section 4.2"]

access: Official variants/metadata inspected; 2.44 MB v 2 HDF 5 file retrieved/hashed and solar-only filter integrations executed; 2021 primary uncertainty text inspected.

conditions: []

limits: ["Sunlight is not nightside or lunar irradiance. No absolute Moon flux was derived.","1.3% UV broadband uncertainty is not an independent error for every fine spectral pixel; individual line discrepancies can be larger.","Air/vacuum wavelengths and actual measured filter response must be resolved before mission folding."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_rounds_03_05.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-00c58a4791b0cd"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG039 · Alternative hyperspectral Moon phase-reddening model: original LESSSR report

ref: S015

url: https://www-cdn.eumetsat.int/files/2021-02/ESS-AMM-RP-001-Rev5_LunarModel_FINAL_EUMETSATwebsite.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["Sections 5.4, 6.3--6.6, 7.2"]

access: Primary 34 page 2019 report selected calibration/model/validation sections inspected.

conditions: []

limits: ["No machine-readable coefficient set retrieved yet.","UV calibration/polarization features and GOME 2 comparison differences limit an unqualified high-accuracy 337 claim.","Do not confuse 5 nmreflectance grid with complete solar-spectrum resolution."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_rounds_03_05.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-26473df1c10145"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG040 · Updated LESSR lunar model study completed 2024, public overview 2025

ref: S016

url: https://www.eumetsat.int/enhancing-eumetsat-lunar-extended-satellite-simulation-reflectance-model

doi: null

locators: ["Overview","Table 1","Data resources"]

access: Official full overview, model-range descriptions and data-resources section inspected.

conditions: []

limits: ["LCS service scope starts 350 nm and the discussed base-function fit grid starts 350 nm, despite broader model range elsewhere on the same page. Actual 337 nmv 2 coefficients/support need clarification.","No claim that coefficients are publicly downloadable or that we ran this model. No external contact made."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_rounds_03_05.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-37b9fbb780d5e0"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG048 · Actual Noll et al.(2024) mean continuum spectral dataset

ref: S017

url: https://zenodo.org/records/8335837

doi: 10.5194/acp-24-1143-2024

locators: ["Zenodo 8335837 mean continuum table, 0.5 nm grid; processed selection/line-removal conventions in Noll et al.(2024)."]

access: Verifiedranged ZIP centraldirectory and 6 smallmembers CRC 32/SHA checked; whole 151 MBZIP notdownloaded. Actualmean spectrum and README inspected. CC BY 4.0.

conditions: []

limits: ["The extracted pseudo-continuum includes many unresolved O2 ultraviolet bands; strong resolved lines were removed. It is not the total polar 337 or 777 nm sky background.","Broad extraction windows and a 0.5 nm grid do not establish a sub-nanometre filter optimum.","ESO documents pipeline air wavelengths. An explicit final author wavelength conversion was not verified. Registration of the spectrum and filter remains conditional; the small photon-energy change does not establish line-position accuracy."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_rounds08_11.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-5741c33b9881d5"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG049 · Bianchi(2024) Gaia-based direct and diffuse starlight model with actual sky cube

ref: S018

url: https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/691/A330

doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202451086

locators: ["CDS J/A+A/691/A 330; 99-bin mean intensity table and celestial NESTED Nside64 direct+diffuse sky cube."]

access: Fullauthorarxivv 1 HTML inspected, final CDSR ead Me/99 row Jtable/15.63 MB gzip 49152 x 99 sky cube downloaded andhashed. Finalpublisher directfetch 403; indexedfinaldataavailabilityqualifies CDS route.

conditions: []

limits: ["The ultraviolet extension uses stellar-atmosphere/extinction models and an empirical diffuse-light fit, rather than a direct 4 nm measurement at 337 nm.","The roughly 13 nm wavelength bracket cannot resolve 4 nm spectral structure. Interpolating it does not provide a new pixel covariance or confidence interval.","Six hypothetical surface normals are neither global bounds nor an orbit distribution. Actual orbit date, cloud BRDF and atmospheric transfer are required."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_rounds08_11.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-aeeb7c77a76769"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG054 · Rovibronic molecular line list for the N2(C 3 Pi_u-B 3 Pi_g) second positive system

ref: S019

url: https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/2311352

doi: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2023.108809

locators: ["section 2, Eqs 2-3; section 3; Figures 4-6; Tables 1-2; section 4"]

access: Author preprint dated 2023-11-01; all 7 pages text inspected, Figure 6 p 5 visually inspected. Published JQSRT 312(2024)108809.

conditions: ["Spectroscopic line-position/strength model validated by author against experimental FTS and SPECAIR under stated laboratory conditions. Not an NBE radiometric calibration."]

limits: ["Official current ExoMol metadata identifies the 20240705 C-B extension. Public .states/ERJ.trans requests timed out here: this is a local access failure, not global unavailability.","Zenodo 5717009 contains the older 20190916 archive, created and modified in 2021; it does not include the Jans et al. 2024 C-B extension.","Event-specific rotational/vibrational populations, absolute source photons and measured filter response remain needed."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_round13_and_crosschecks.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-efa71d1cb08f48","SRC-cda9ee5624f171"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG055 · The Spectrum of Molecular Nitrogen

ref: S020

url: https://srd.nist.gov/JPCRD/jpcrd93.pdf

doi: 10.1063/1.555546

locators: ["section 3.13 printedp 139","Table 29 printedp 226","Appendix A(9) printedp 307"]

access: 195-page scanned official NIST PDF retrieved with SHA 256; selected printedpp 113, 115, 117, 123, 139, 226, 306, 307 visually inspected. Not all 195 pages read.

conditions: ["Critical spectroscopic compilation; historical source bandheads, not event-specific spectrum."]

limits: ["A bandhead is not the band centroid or a monochromatic representation.","Air/vacuum wavelength conversion does not describe a physical coating passband change in vacuum. Both require explicit metadata."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_round13_and_crosschecks.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-13961e7517d412"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG056 · Moose / original Massive OES N2CB numericaldata and query-interface audit

ref: S021

url: https://github.com/AntoineTUE/Moose

doi: null

locators: ["Pinned Moose/original Massive OES data/query audit; lower-state link, energy/J and coordinate checks. These are conditional reconstructions, not an accepted NBE spectrum."]

access: Actual SQL ite 11225088 B and selected sourcefiles retrieved andhashverified. No software installed or outsidepackagecode executed. Own SQL ite/arithmetic audits executed.

conditions: ["Numerical spectroscopy implementation and diagnostic, not a measurement."]

limits: ["The attempted initial v0-v0 filter fold was invalidated; no physical capture fractions from it are retained. Later candidate mappings are conditional diagnostics.","Population/spin weights, original line positions and Einstein A values still require independent primary comparison.","Moose code uses MIT licensing, while original MassiveOES terms include local-use, sharing and attribution conditions. Their application to bundled spectral data remains unresolved; restricted raw data are kept private."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_round13_and_crosschecks.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-7c74490f3f4e4b"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG057 · Standard-air wavelength convention and refractivity arithmetic

ref: S022

url: https://emtoolbox.nist.gov/Wavelength/Documentation.asp

doi: null

locators: ["NIST refractive-index-of-air/wavelength documentation; standard-air coordinate conversion, not a physical filter-vacuum shift."]

access: Official NIST documentation sections IV, VI, VII and Jones 1981Eq 1/introduction printedp 27 inspected throughbrowser. Wholevolume notdownloaded/read.

conditions: ["Ownstandardaircoordinatecalculation using publisheddispersion formula; not measured anvil refractivity."]

limits: ["No nominal wavelength was silently changed in the frozen calculations.","NIST discusses air-index models over 300-1700 nm with condition-dependent uncertainty. A nominal dry-air conversion does not certify old table accuracy or an event band centroid."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_round13_and_crosschecks.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-748e4c47d220c2"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG059 · Orbital broad UV background cross-check and response-positivity bound

ref: S023

url: https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/57fmn7rh4n/4

doi: null

locators: ["Dataset wavelength_response.txt and Europe_North Africa_map.txt; Mini-EUSO broad-band response/positivity audit, not a 4 nm measurement."]

access: Cross-stream source package: exact ten-source list/access levels in sourcebranchprimaryreview, not a single independent dataset.

conditions: ["Measured broadbandcounts plus calibrationmodels and ownconditionalbound; not measured 4 nm 337 radiance."]

limits: ["This is not an exposure-weighted polar background distribution or a faint-event rate.","Scene conditions, selection, trimming and modal-statistic qualifications must accompany its measurements."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_round13_and_crosschecks.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-67a6342186e70e"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG062 · Mesoscale structure of flickering aurora from wide-field high-speed imaging

ref: S024

url: https://angeo.copernicus.org/articles/44/959/2026/

doi: 10.5194/angeo-44-959-2026

locators: ["sections 2-3","Figure 1","Appendices A, C","Dataavailability"]

access: Primary full HTML methods, results, appendices anddataavailability inspected; XML/metadata access separate inreceipt. No rawimage/video download.

conditions: ["One unfiltered high-speed ground-observation event; spatial mapping assumes 110 km emissionheight."]

limits: ["It supplies neither absolute 337 nm radiance nor a microsecond power spectrum or Kp-conditioned population.","Neighboring patches are correlated; independent-cell averaging proportional to 1/sqrt(N) cannot be assumed.","An intensity pattern must be folded with the mission angular and spectral response. One unfiltered event is not a polar 337 nm noise budget."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\source_register_round13_and_crosschecks.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-be7697ff342ed4"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

BG063 · Some photometer results obtained on the NASA 1969 Airborne Auroral Expedition

ref: S025

url: https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19720005652

doi: null

locators: ["NASA-CR-124719, PDF pp 4-5 filter/calibration; pp 8, 11 selected night observations; page 67 bright sample is midday."]

access: Original 77 pagepublic NASA PDF locallyretained; summary/calibration/filtertable andselectednight/daytables visuallyverified.

conditions: ["Measured filter-channel equivalent brightness, dark-current corrected; not spectrally pure N2(0, 0)."]

limits: ["Airglow, starlight, moonlight and other features were not removed; the weak-end accuracy at a few tens of Rayleigh is described qualitatively.","The inspected 1971 summary does not expose a full filter curve, equivalent bandwidth, formal uncertainty, per-wavelength timestamps or complete zenith extinction correction.","The visually verified 1.350 kR example on printed page 67 is Flight 13 midday aurora; it must not be labeled nightside."]

rights: NTRS metadata: Workof USG ov, Public Use Permitted; privateworkingcopy.

record_provenance: backgrounds\round15_historical_337_photometry\source_register_round15.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-4633e1c10b0741"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: 1971

source_kind_as_recorded: Measured filter-channel equivalent brightness, dark-current corrected; not spectrally pure N2(0,0).

BG064 · Coordinated analysis of various auroral measurements made during NASA 1968 and 1969 airborneauroralexpeditions, chapter III

ref: S026

url: https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19760014714

doi: 10.1029/JA081i034p06046

locators: ["NASA-CR-146857, chapter III; Table 2 printedp 47/PDF 57; calibration printedpp 38-40, 46-50."]

access: Original 102 pagepublic NASA PDF locallyretained; printedpp 38-40, 46-50, 54-55, 60 inspected; keycalibration/tablepagesvisuallyverified.

conditions: ["Selected auroral spectrum, blend-separated band area and atmosphere-corrected absolute calibration.","Chaptertitle/authorsmatchjournallead; journalfulltextnotobtainedforbyte/contentidentity. Notindependentobservingcampaign."]

limits: ["N2(C) band intensity is not a measured spectral radiance per nanometre or an actual 4 nm filter fold.","A two-minute selected zenith spectrum is not a wide-field orbital distribution or a Kp climatology.","The 275 K fit on printed page 54 describes an N2+ first-negative band profile; it does not establish the 337 nm rotational temperature of an NBE."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: backgrounds\round15_historical_337_photometry\source_register_round15.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-ecf579acecb60b"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: 1976

source_kind_as_recorded: Selected auroral spectrum, blend-separated band area and atmosphere-corrected absolute calibration.

CT003 · Spectrally consistent scattering, absorption, and polarization properties of atmospheric ice crystals at wavelengths from 0.2 to 100µm

ref: S027

url: https://www.giss.nasa.gov/pubs/abs/ya07100h.html

doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-12-039.1

locators: ["NASA GISS publication abstract","NASA abstract lastsentence"]

access: author_institution_abstract_only; publisher_fulltext_pending

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: cloud_transport\source_register_round_01.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-1bbbd4ea82d23a"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: ["P. Yang","L. Bi","B. A. Baum","K.-N. Liou","G. W. Kattawar","M. I. Mishchenko","B. Cole"]

publication_date_as_recorded: 2013

source_kind_as_recorded: null

CT004 · MCAR aTS developer documentation version 0.10 and change log 0.10.3

ref: S028

url: https://sites.google.com/site/mcarats/

doi: null

locators: ["Introduction; job namelist Src_mtype/Src_apsize; initialization Rad_mplen=3, Rad_ntp, Rad_tpmin/tpmax","initialization namelist Rad_mplen and Rad_tpmin/tpmax","initialization Wld_moptim and Sca_qtfmax; job Rad_mrproj and Rad_difr 0/1; change log 0.10.2","change log 2016-09-06; introduction"]

access: developer_documentation_sections_examined; code_not_downloaded_or_run

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: cloud_transport\source_register_round_02.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-9ef73dbe351b8a"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: documentation undated; latest listed release 2016-09-06

source_kind_as_recorded: null

CT020 · McRALI: a Monte Carlo high-spectral-resolution lidar and Doppler radar simulator for three-dimensional cloudy atmosphere remote sensing

ref: S029

url: https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/14/199/2021/amt-14-199-2021.html

doi: 10.5194/amt-14-199-2021

locators: ["sections 2.1-2.3 and code-availability statement","methods and conclusions; our applicability assessment"]

access: publisher_full_HTML; methods 2.1-2.3, conclusion and code availability examined

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: cloud_transport\source_register_round_04.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-b4869c4a1ef6c8"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: 2021-01-12

source_kind_as_recorded: null

CT021 · MSCART developer documentation

ref: S030

url: https://intersharp.gitlab.io/mscart-docs/page/index.html

doi: null

locators: ["feature table; lidar case","input Rad/PR ad/Sca settings"]

access: developer_features, input, case, and_reference pages read

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: cloud_transport\source_register_round_04.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-ce4001386ee082"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: documentation build2025-05-06

source_kind_as_recorded: null

CT022 · SMART-G developer README, changelog and license

ref: S031

url: https://github.com/hygeos/smartg

doi: null

locators: ["README installation/features; changelog 2.0","changelog 2.0.0-2.0.2; LICENSE/README"]

access: complete developer README and selected changelog entries read

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: cloud_transport\source_register_round_04.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-d531470e7d57ec"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: versions2.0.0 on2026-09-30,2.0.1 on2026-10-02,2.0.2 on2026-10-08

source_kind_as_recorded: null

CT029 · On Rayleigh Optical Depth Calculations

ref: S032

url: https://web.gps.caltech.edu/~vijay/Papers/Rayleigh_Scattering/Bodhaine-etal-99.pdf

doi: 10.1175/1520-0426(1999)016<1854:ORODC>2.0.CO;2

locators: ["sections 1-2, equations 2, 5-6, 9","section 3; Table 2; equation 8"]

access: author/institution_hosted_full_PDF; all 8 pages extracted, sections 1-4 read closely

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: cloud_transport\source_register_round_05.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-78106e25ed082c"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: ["Barry A. Bodhaine","Norman B. Wood","Ellsworth G. Dutton","James R. Slusser"]

publication_date_as_recorded: 1999-11-01

source_kind_as_recorded: null

CT034 · mitransient volumetric transient integrator and Mitsuba 3 phase/emitter interfaces

ref: S033

url: https://github.com/diegoroyo/mitransient

doi: null

locators: ["developer integrator/film docs","phase/emitter docs; our applicability assessment","mitransient_volume_interface_audit.json; lines 216-239, 261, 334"]

access: Official docs and source transient_prbvolpath.py read; no renderer installed or executed.

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: cloud_transport\source_register_round_06.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-2558ae363df837"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: living developer documentation accessed2026-10-21

source_kind_as_recorded: null

CT041 · U S Standard Atmosphere 1976 deeper primary scan and clear-air audit

ref: S034

url: https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19770009539/downloads/19770009539.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["printed 2-3 Tables 2-4, printed 36-39 Tables 18-19","Rayleigh_standard_vs_frozen_337_audit.json","USSA 1976_ozone_above_source_audit.json"]

access: Original 243 pagegovernment PDF privatelyretained; selectedprinted 2-3, 36-39 visuallyread. Scanned OCR ispoor. NASA 2005 Appendix A independentlycrosschecksformulas.

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: cloud_transport\source_register_round_07.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-63c620ecebd952"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: 1976-10-01

source_kind_as_recorded: null

CT044 · Exploiting breakdown of the similarity relation for diffuse light transport simultaneous retrieval of scattering anisotropy and diffusion constant

ref: S035

url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1211.6690

doi: 10.1364/OL.38.000437

locators: ["preprintpp 2-3, figures 2-3","preprintp 2, figure 1 anddiscussionp 3","ourinterpretationofcontrolledexperiment"]

access: Primary 4-pageauthorpreprintmaintextread, publisherabstractverified. Nojournalpaywallbypass. Preprint PDF dateline 2018-09-03 differsfromv 1 submissionhistory; version URL andhashretained.

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: cloud_transport\source_register_round_08.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-9eebf1ad44bb0b","SRC-ccfcadd1721710"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: ["T. Svensson","R. Savo","E. Alerstam","K. Vynck","M. Burresi","D. S. Wiersma"]

publication_date_as_recorded: 2013-02-08publisheronline;2013-02-15issue

source_kind_as_recorded: null

CT045 · Optical constants of ice from the ultraviolet to the microwave A revised compilation deeper baseline audit

ref: S036

url: https://atmos.uw.edu/ice_optical_constants/Warren_and_Brandt_2008.pdf

doi: 10.1029/2007JD009744

locators: ["section 2 paragraphs 6-7, p 2; section 7 paragraph 34, p 7","frozenphase_validation.jsonread-onlyand GHM_ice_absorption_provenance_followup.json"]

access: Primaryauthor 10-page PDF sections 1, 2, 7 read; privatelyretained 644261 Bwith SHA 256. Originalunderlyingexperimentsnotallreviewed.

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: cloud_transport\source_register_round_08.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-c2f940bfb70496","SRC-e9db5ecd2e84d4"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: ["Stephen G. Warren","Richard E. Brandt"]

publication_date_as_recorded: 2008-07-31

source_kind_as_recorded: null

CT048 · Smoke of extreme Australian bushfires observed in the stratosphere over Punta Arenas, Chile, in January 2020: optical thickness, lidar ratios, and depolarization ratios at 355 and 532 nm

ref: S037

url: https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/20/8003/2020/

doi: 10.5194/acp-20-8003-2020

locators: ["table 1 row 10 Jan 2020, 02: 25-04: 20 UTC","table 1 and sections 3-4"]

access: Selected primary methods/results and table 1 read; primary XML retained privately. Actual OASIS table namespace parsed.

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: cloud_transport\source_register_round_09.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-fb055b05e4301b"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: ["Kevin Ohneiser et al."]

publication_date_as_recorded: 2020-07-10

source_kind_as_recorded: null

CT053 · libRadtran current documentation and public MYSTIC availability

ref: S038

url: https://www.libradtran.org/doku.php?id=documentation

doi: null

locators: ["documentation lines 30 and 49-58; basic_usage MYSTIC section"]

access: Current official documentation and basic-usage pages read; no software installed/run. Manual link advertises 2.0.6, not yet privately retrieved.

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: cloud_transport\source_register_round_09.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-9490c5dc50be87"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: ["libRadtran developers"]

publication_date_as_recorded: Live documentation, last modified2024-12-22

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-CAL-AUGER2009 · Multi-wavelength calibration procedure for the Pierre Auger Observatory fluorescence detectors

ref: S039

url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/0811.1518

doi: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.02.009

locators: ["sections 4.1-5.2; Table 2; Eq.(2)"]

access: Full author manuscript v 2 and primary author-institution published-version metadata; Astroparticle Physics 31 (2009) 305-311.

conditions: []

limits: ["A bright calibrated photodiode transfer is useful even if a PIN detector is too noisy for the faint science signal.","This is not a 1% absolute 337 nm standard or a 30 µs pulse simulator. Whole-path and piecewise component calibration can differ; narrow mission filters need finer wavelength sampling than this study."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-d68e2be524b677"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-CAL-CALSPEC2026 · CALSPEC stellar spectrophotometric standards and current Vega spectrum

ref: S040

url: https://www.stsci.edu/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/calspec

doi: null

locators: ["CALSPEC composition/cautions/history; FITS primary HISTORY and SCI BINTABLE header"]

access: Official STS cI page and primary FITS file retrieved; header verified, 288000 bytes, SHA 256 7201cd8566d53d384430c3d5fd2ae8d8122e9 a7f765711748b49336f63237672.

conditions: []

limits: ["A stellar standard exists at 337 nm, but this does not give a complete 1% receiver calibration. Actual response, backgrounds and pointing remain required.","The private Vega fold is an ideal-band photon-statistics illustration; spectral resolution is about 0.55 nm near 337 and 0.98 nm near 777, not a line-resolved nitrogen/oxygen reference."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-3755a1551c2441"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-CAL-ESA-OOEL · Optics and Opto-Electronics Laboratory

ref: S041

url: https://technology.esa.int/lab/optics-and-opto-electronics-laboratory

doi: null

locators: ["Optical characterization; detector calibration; air-vacuum coating spectral shift"]

access: Official current ESA facility description

conditions: []

limits: ["Specific receiver geometry, low-light pulse bandwidth, uncertainty and access terms need confirmation.","Coverage of a wavelength is not a demonstrated complete instrument calibration uncertainty."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-e4c16149dbbe32"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-CAL-ICECUBE337-2010 · Calibration and Characterization of the Ice Cube Photomultiplier Tube

ref: S042

url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1002.2442

doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2010.03.102

locators: ["sections 9.1-9.3, pp.22-27; Table 3; section 11, pp.34-35"]

access: Primary author preprint; journal 2010; automated preprint footer has an inconsistent 2024 date

conditions: ["Hamamatsu R 7081-02, 10-inch PMT; laboratory measurements, not a Cube Sat PMT"]

limits: ["Results depend on detector geometry, bias, threshold and individual sample; they are not universal PMT values.","The 4 ns nitrogen laser is useful for impulse calibration but does not reproduce the desired 3 ms envelope.","System optical window cutoff near 350 nm shows that PMT-only 337 nm calibration cannot replace full-path testing."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-58ea547409a4d4"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-CAL-ISUAL2012 · Sensitivity degradation of ISUAL instruments and its impact on observations

ref: S043

url: https://sprite.phys.ncku.edu.tw/joomla3/images/stories/useruploads/airosprey/1-4.pdf

doi: 10.3319/TAO.2011.06.20.01(AA)

locators: ["sections 2-2.1; printed pp.73, 75-76; Tables 1-2"]

access: Full primary team-hosted published article, 2012; 7024538-byte PDF read in memory, extracted text/provenance saved. Shared source with alternative_check; complementary calibration-path qualification.

conditions: []

limits: ["These are internal mainly-red LED response trends after preflight voltage-gain correction, not direct 337 nm PDE aging or isolated radiation damage. LED stability is assumed from duty, dose and temperature arguments. The reference pathway does not establish science-wavelength throughput stability.","The source-population stream independently retrieved the same paper; cross-link its record rather than count this as independent evidence."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-c3362386bda511"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-CAL-JENKINS2026 · Predicting electrically generated hydrogen oxides from ultraviolet radiation emissions

ref: S044

url: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2026JD046463?af=R

doi: 10.1029/2026JD046463

locators: ["sections 2.1, 2.2.1, 2.3.2, 2.4.3, 3.3; Table 1; Figure S16 description"]

access: Primary publisher full HTML verified through af=R; direct full URL initially failed. Supporting DOCX returned 403. Official data recovered independently.

conditions: []

limits: ["No instantaneous 337 peak-current law is determined; source conditions differ from 15-18 km NBEs.","The corona PMT's 340 nm/12 nm filter and a 10 nm spectral sum are not a 4 nm 337.1 nm receiver.","The released workbook lacks the qualitative Figure S16 optical waveform; Table 2 photon-rate normalization was not independently reconciled with flux-distance data."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-61a41c1c68e178"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-CAL-LEDD1B · LEDD1B and T-Cube LED drivers

ref: S045

url: https://www.thorlabs.us/NewGroupPage9_PF.cfm?ObjectGroup_ID=6148

doi: null

locators: ["LEDD1B modulation specifications table and notes"]

access: Official manufacturer specification page.

conditions: []

limits: ["This driver is not automatically a 30 µs optical-rise simulator. Current step, LED load, bias and optical tail must be measured.","The driver waveform is not a calibrated optical waveform; use a fast reference detector and verify the complete attenuator/sphere path."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-caefa187459531"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-CAL-M340L5 · Mounted LEDs: M340L5

ref: S046

url: https://www.thorlabs.com/newgrouppage9.cfm?objectgroup_id=2692

doi: null

locators: ["M340L5 table row; operating conditions"]

access: Official current manufacturer table.

conditions: []

limits: ["It can supply light through a 337 nm passband, but this is not monochromatic 337.1 nm emission. Spectral overlap, attenuated photon number, heating and optical pulse shape require characterization.","An exact M337L4 part was not verified; do not recommend that unconfirmed identifier."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-ba5f948d398855"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-CAL-NIST2007 · High Accuracy Calibration of Photon-Counting Detectors On Demand

ref: S047

url: https://physics.nist.gov/Divisions/Div844/publications/migdall/SPIE65830A_Calibration_On_Demand.pdf

doi: 10.1117/12.723218

locators: ["sections 3-4, pp.3-6"]

access: Primary NIST author conference paper, SPIE 6583, 2007

conditions: []

limits: ["Those uncertainty figures are for the demonstrated setups, not a guaranteed 337 nm wide-field two-channel service.","A CW efficiency measurement must be checked against actual transient rate, background and detector recovery behavior."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-827aa72d56b3ea"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-CAL-NPL-ANALOG2026 · NPL detector characterisation service

ref: S048

url: https://www.npl.co.uk/products-services/optical/detector-characterisation

doi: null

locators: ["Calibrating the spectral responsivity of detectors"]

access: Official current full service page inspected.

conditions: []

limits: ["The better-than-0.01% cryogenic-radiometer statement applies at specific visible laser wavelengths; it is not a quoted 337 nm receiver uncertainty.","A separate routine single-photon-detector service starts at 380 nm. Analog responsivity coverage does not automatically establish 337 nm photon-counting calibration, timing capability, available booking, or an end-to-end uncertainty. No facility affiliation is claimed."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-5547403c82734e"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-CAL-OMI2022 · OMI collection 4: establishing a 17-year-long series of detrended level-1 b data

ref: S049

url: https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/15/3527/2022/

doi: 10.5194/amt-15-3527-2022

locators: ["sections 4.4-4.6; section 5 and Figures 9-11"]

access: Primary open publisher HTML, 14 June 2022; methods and figures inspected.

conditions: []

limits: ["Its large CCD instrument and orbit are not this receiver. Do not import its degradation rate or long-exposure correction performance into microsecond data.","The row anomaly is probably external obscuration by loose insulation, not ordinary detector radiation aging. Internal LED constancy alone cannot exclude a blocked entrance path."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-184d56764cf107"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-CAL-OMPS2023 · An approach to track instrument calibration and produce consistent products with V 8 TOZ

ref: S050

url: https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/16/2919/2023/

doi: 10.5194/amt-16-2919-2023

locators: ["Figure 1 and associated introductory calibration paragraphs"]

access: Primary open publisher HTML, 14 June 2023.

conditions: []

limits: ["This demonstrates an architecture for separating reference aging from instrument aging, not a universal UV stability guarantee for a Cube Sat.","The result is relative temporal stability; initial absolute calibration and retrieval soft-calibration have distinct uncertainties. A single unmonitored LED cannot uniquely separate its own drift from detector gain drift."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-157c4133564a58"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-CAL-PTB340-2024 · Calibration of radioluminescence detectors for radioactivity measurements

ref: S051

url: https://oar.ptb.de/files/download/EMPIR.19ENV02.PA.20231027.pdf

doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2024.169325

locators: ["section 3, pp.4-5; reference detector/calibration arrangement"]

access: Primary author manuscript 26 Oct 2023; journal NIMA 1064, 2024

conditions: ["DUV340-HL18 W LED, 340 nm, FWHM 8 nm; monitored dual integrating sphere UV radiance source"]

limits: ["Monitor stability is not total absolute calibration uncertainty or multi-year orbital stability.","Broad LED spectrum needs spectral-mismatch correction for the N2 band and actual filter.","Neither wide 60-90 degree field filling nor 30 microsecond test-pulse fidelity is demonstrated by this setup."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-ec9763968ce648"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-CAL-SALDANHA2017 · Model independent approach to the single photoelectron calibration of photomultiplier tubes

ref: S052

url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1602.03150

doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2017.02.086

locators: ["sections 3, 5-7; Eqs.(7), (9), (12); Table 1; Figure 9"]

access: Full primary author manuscript v 2, 18 June 2017; NIM A 863, 35-46.

conditions: []

limits: ["The equations assume linear independent response and Poisson photoelectrons; background and under-amplified pulses bias occupancy if misclassified.","This calibrates charge per collected photoelectron and multiplication noise, not absolute incident-photon PDE. Keep optics/photocathode calibration separate; do not blindly apply to correlated SiPM avalanches or saturated data."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-eac3ca8ca48264"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-DATA-LEAL2026 · Raw photodiode and antenna triggers for Leal et al.(2026) multiband return-stroke study

ref: S053

url: https://zenodo.org/records/19209986

doi: 10.5281/zenodo.19209986

locators: ["Description; Files; v 1 released 2026-03-24"]

access: Official landing metadata/file inventory verified; API 403. NoPSDATA downloaded.

conditions: []

limits: ["Compatible Pico Scope software/export and complete relative calibration are required for waveform reanalysis.","ENTLN data require an external request; no contact made. No unrestricted data license established from retrieved landing text."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-9069e1fa72f136"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-DET-GLIMS2011 · Six-Channel Spectrophotometers(PH)Onboard JEM-GLIMS

ref: S054

url: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ieejfms/131/12/131_12_1000/_pdf

doi: 10.1541/ieejfms.131.1000

locators: ["Table 1, p 1001","sections 2.1-2.2, pp 1001-1002","Figures 3-4"]

access: open primary six-page PDF

conditions: ["R 7400-06 UV PMT; R 7400-20 red PMT; S1227-1010BQ broadband PIN","Design/preflight paper; 337±5 nm; 42.7 deg UV full FOV; 20 kHz 12-bit; 8 mm PMT photocathode."]

limits: ["The design sensitivity of 0.1 uW/m2 differs from the later flight table.","Telecentric chief-ray control does not establish zero angular spread.","All six channels must not be assumed to fit within 1U; box and power definitions require checking."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-d8d27d34cf7b56"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-DET-GSENSE400 · GSENSE400BSI scientific CMOS image sensor

ref: S055

url: https://www.gpixel.com/en/pro_details_1196.html

doi: null

locators: ["specifications and operation modes"]

access: Official current manufacturer product specification.

conditions: []

limits: ["A short minimum exposure is not a 50 kHz full-area frame rate. Reducing the ROI changes accepted area/field unless the optics are redesigned.","Summed independent read noise scales approximately with square root of pixel count; 1.6 electrons per pixel is not 1.6 electrons for the full receiver. Exact 337 nm QE and flight qualification remain unverified."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-2d03d9b3291d07"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-DET-H16722-RED · H 16722 series cooled PMT module

ref: S056

url: https://www.hamamatsu.com/content/dam/hamamatsu-photonics/sites/documents/99_SALES_LIBRARY/etd/H16722_TPMO1122E.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["PDF p.1 specifications and footnotes; p.2 cooling and dimensions"]

access: Official datasheet TPMO 1 122E01, October 2022; current H16722-50 product page also verified.

conditions: []

limits: ["Red PMTs need not all have only a few percent QE. But a 5 mm cathode imposes an étendue constraint, and thermal rejection in vacuum needs design.","No flight qualification or radiation result is given. Dark anode current is not an RMS noise specification."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-71ec477aa69cf2"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-DET-S13360-AREA · S13360 series MPPC electrical and optical characteristics

ref: S057

url: https://hep.hamamatsu.com/content/dam/hamamatsu-photonics/sites/documents/99_SALES_LIBRARY/ssd/s13360_series_kapd1052e.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["p.3 electrical/optical table, footnotes 4-5"]

access: Official manufacturer datasheet; p.3 indexed table and footnotes verified.

conditions: []

limits: ["Scaling to a larger mosaic scales dark counts and capacitance too. Bias, package/window, temperature and readout must be retained.","A spectrum or separately calibrated PDE is needed at 337.1 and 777 nm; nominal peak PDE cannot be reused."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-39661dacb289d9"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-DET-S8664-LARGE · S 8664 series Si APD

ref: S058

url: https://www.hamamatsu.com/content/dam/hamamatsu-photonics/sites/documents/99_SALES_LIBRARY/ssd/s8664_series_kapd1012e.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["p.1 table, conditions Ta=25 °C"]

access: Official manufacturer datasheet.

conditions: []

limits: ["The 420 nm figures are not calibrated 337 or 777 nm values. Large area trades increased capacitance against collection area; the receiver amplifier must be evaluated with that capacitance.","Catalog availability does not imply flight qualification."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-aac97cec406eb4"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-DET-SISMUV2025 · The SiSMUV Project: Development and Characterization of SiPM-Based UV-Light Detectors for Space Telescope Applications

ref: S059

url: https://inspirehep.net/files/475a891bf3046a48d47231575224af93

doi: 10.3390/particles8040092

locators: ["sections 3-4 and 6; printed pp.3-5, 8"]

access: Primary open journal PDF; 27 November 2025

conditions: ["S13361-3050-NE-08 8 x 8 array, 3 x 3 mm per tile, 50 micrometre cells; RADIOROC/Artix7 prototype","405 nm laser, 25 plus/minus 1 C, 55.2 V representative bias"]

limits: ["405 nm response is not measured 337 nm response.","Quoted reproducibility is not a full absolute uncertainty budget.","The text labels S150 C as Hamamatsu although S150 C is a Thorlabs product; reference-detector identification needs checking before reproducing the calibration."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-4a2f291aa1a7f3"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-ELEC-ADC-ENBW2019 · Resolving the signal: precision ADC signal-chain noise questions

ref: S060

url: https://www.ti.com/document-viewer/lit/html/SSZT554/GUID-5FCFDA62-4CDD-403A-969C-EB377113CA8A

doi: null

locators: ["questions 4-5, 9-10: ENBW, total chain filtering, output-data-rate and clocks"]

access: Official Texas Instruments technical article SSZT 554, Bryan Lizon, January 2019; full text read.

conditions: []

limits: ["The article's 6 nV RMS example uses 2.5 samples/s, not 10-50 kS/s; no such low noise is assumed for this photometer.","Nonwhite detector/TIA noise and aliased out-of-band noise require PSD integration through the actual chain. A single bandwidth or nominal bit depth does not determine mission photon threshold."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-3fdc5a30136cff"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-ELEC-ADI2015 · Transimpedance Amplifier Noise Considerations

ref: S061

url: https://www.analog.com/en/resources/technical-articles/transimpedance-amplifier-noise-considerations.html

doi: null

locators: ["Noise in TIAs","Achieving Higher Bandwidth with Higher Gain TIAs; Figures 6-9"]

access: official measured circuit/appnote

conditions: ["LTC6268 FET-input amplifier; 499 kohm feedback"]

limits: ["Specific low-capacitance setup; not prooflargearea UV receiver reaches equalnoise.","Counterexample disproves a universal 1 e 10 V/A·Hz limit, not fundamental photonbudget limitations."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-44d751c9b5616c"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-ELEC-APD-NOISE · Technical note: Si APD

ref: S062

url: https://hep.hamamatsu.com/content/dam/hamamatsu-photonics/sites/documents/99_SALES_LIBRARY/ssd/si-apd_kapd9007e.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["section 2-1 p.2; section 2-3 equations 2-2 and 2-3 p.3; section 2-5 p.5"]

access: Official manufacturer technical note, full 10-page PDF.

conditions: []

limits: ["Multiplying an already multiplied total dark current by M² would overestimate the noise incorrectly. A catalog total dark current alone cannot uniquely partition bulk and surface noise.","For fixed measured total dark current, the inferred dark PSD lies between 2 qI_D and 2 qMFI_D under this model, not a single universal value."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-74df4c76ef66e4"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-ELEC-CALIOP-TRANSIENT2026 · CALIPSO lidar Level 1 B data description and quality summary, version 5

ref: S063

url: https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20260000651/downloads/cal_lid_l1_V5-00_desc_qs.pdf

doi: 10.5067/CALIOP/CALIPSO/CAL_LID_L1_Data_Description_Document_V5

locators: ["Appendix 3, printed pp.62-64; Figures A 3-1 to A 3-3"]

access: Official NASA report, 21 January 2026; Appendix 3 updated 5 October 2025.

conditions: []

limits: ["A lidar range tail converts to time using 2 d/c. These observations do not establish a 0.2 ms tail for our detector.","The useful requirement is amplitude- and duration-dependent impulse/step characterization: cloud timing and receiver timing cannot be separated by assuming a single universal linear kernel."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-db0ef07d33ea41"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-ELEC-ET-DC · Design of photomultiplier output circuits for optimum amplitude or time response

ref: S064

url: https://et-enterprises.com/images/technical_papers/rp065_design_of_PMT_output_circuits.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["section 3, printed page 2; Figure 4; section 5.3"]

access: Official ET Enterprises technical reprint R/P 065 by A.G. Wright

conditions: []

limits: ["Legacy example amplifiers and nanosecond scintillation pulses are not our chosen receiver.","Actual transfer function, saturation and recovery must be measured over the millisecond pulse and background range."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-5904c4c9c5585f"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-ELEC-FEMTO-DLPCA · DLPCA-200 Variable Gain Low Noise Current Amplifier

ref: S065

url: https://www.femto.de/images/pdf-dokumente/de-dlpca-200.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["p.1 block diagram; p.2 specifications and measurement footnote"]

access: Official manufacturer 5-page PDF, revision R 19, 2 January 2019; current product listing verified.

conditions: []

limits: ["Noise at one frequency must not be multiplied by square root of 50 kHz and substituted for the measured integrated figure.","Detector capacitance adds voltage-noise current. Bench hardware is not flight qualified; this is a counterexample to the claimed universal gain-bandwidth bound."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-ae66eda5929c47"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-ELEC-MMIA-ARCH · The Modular Multispectral Imaging Array (MMIA) of the ASIM payload

ref: S066

url: https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/175725338/The_Modular_Multi.pdf

doi: 10.1007/s11214-019-0593-y

locators: ["section 3.3, printed pp.9-11 and Table 5; section 4.1 p.12"]

access: Primary published author-hosted full manuscript.

conditions: []

limits: ["The 250 nm internal check does not establish absolute drift of the whole 337 or 777 nm optical path.","Heritage proves an architecture, not the performance of a 25 mm entrance aperture within the same volume and power. Exact PMT part numbers are not published here."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-a7d7571200ac44","SRC-88c4765e763db0"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-ELEC-SAMPLING-MT002 · What the Nyquist criterion means to your sampled data system design

ref: S067

url: https://www.analog.com/media/en/training-seminars/tutorials/MT-002.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["pp.1, 4-8, Figures 1, 4-7; baseband sampling and antialias filtering"]

access: Official Analog Devices tutorial by Walt Kester; full 12-page PDF, Rev.A 10/08.

conditions: []

limits: ["A Nyquist frequency does not specify a practical filter cutoff or its stopband margin. The tutorial's separate bandpass-undersampling examples do not apply directly to a DC-to-transient photometer.","Exact sub-sample parameter inference requires pulse-model, phase, noise and filter assumptions; raw cadence alone does not validate rise-time discrimination."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-9cf27bbecb385a"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-ELEC-SOPAPILLA2026 · A Multiband Optical-Radio View of Lightning Return Strokes Exposes Divergent 337/777 nm Emission Dynamics

ref: S068

url: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2026GL123245

doi: 10.1029/2026GL123245

locators: ["sections 2.1-2.2, 3.2; Table 1; Figures 3-5"]

access: Full primary publisher HTML now verified using?af=R after initial timeout. Table 1 and relative calibration methods inspected.

conditions: ["Thorlabs APD410A2/M 337 nm; APD410A/M 777 nm; Pico Scope 4824 A","Ground lightning near Langmuir Lab; approximately 20 deg FOV; 5 MH z 12-bit digitizer; 2 s records, .6 s pretrigger."]

limits: ["Does not demonstrate faint orbital threshold, absolute photon-number calibration or flight qualification.","Cannot reuse ground extinction above 15 km.","Subsequent-stroke means in prose differ from Table 1; retain table values and the documented discrepancy."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-d04e6796361533"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-ELEC-TIA-BAILEY2026 · Transimpedance amplifiers: Reaching high gain, low noise and high bandwidth

ref: S069

url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2026.102011

doi: 10.1016/j.measen.2026.102011

locators: ["sections 2.2, 2.4.1, 3.1.3-3.1.4; Tables 1, 3, 4"]

access: Primary publisher search-index full text plus author institution metadata; direct publisher open returned 403. Published online 24 June 2026, volume 46 August 2026.

conditions: []

limits: ["This refutes a universal 1 nA amplifier floor, but gives no 337 nm detector-coupled or radiation-qualified result. Actual sensor/cable capacitance matters.","The reported average density is RMS divided by square root of nominal bandwidth, not a measured flat white-noise PSD. Its 250 kHz variant has substantially higher 66.18 pA RMS noise."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-eeaa17f1735c7d"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-METHOD-NEP2025 · Guidelines for accurate evaluation of photodetectors based on emerging semiconductor technologies

ref: S070

url: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/items/d1562912-fd22-492e-bbd1-d4f1474ef69f

doi: 10.1038/s41566-025-01759-1

locators: ["Noise, NEP/detectivity, temporal response and benchmarking sections"]

access: Peer-reviewed consensus article; accepted manuscript available at Cambridge, repository DOI 10.17863/CAM.122981

conditions: []

limits: ["Method guidance is not experimental performance of a candidate flight detector.","Responsivity and timing measured at bright illumination cannot automatically establish behavior near the faint-event threshold."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-7a7d43ef2c9873"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-OPT-ALLUXA-THERMAL2014 · Ultra-narrowband optical bandpass filters with large format and improved temperature stability

ref: S071

url: https://alluxa.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Ultra-narrowband-optical-bandpass-filters-with-large-format-and-improved-temperature-stability_2.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["p.2 f/5 modeled cone; p.3 thermal results"]

access: Primary manufacturer-authored 2014 technical paper, 3 pages.

conditions: []

limits: ["Neither thermal coefficient is a measured 337 nm property. The result does not solve a 60-90° full field in a compact receiver.","Environmental cycling and hard coatings do not by themselves establish radiation, contamination, or vacuum qualification."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-4f71658fc5f5f0"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-OPT-ALLUXA337 · 337-1.5 OD 6 Ultra Narrow Bandpass Filter, SKU 7021

ref: S072

url: https://alluxa.com/optical-filter-catalog/ultra-narrow-bandpass/337-1-1-5-od6-ultra-narrow-bandpass/

doi: null

locators: ["product specifications table"]

access: Official current catalog, 12.5 mm product; page specifications verified.

conditions: []

limits: ["The OD 6 product name does not guarantee visible/NIR blocking. Leakage must be integrated over the detector response, especially for silicon.","The 25 mm page did not expose a complete primary specification during this review; secondary reseller values were not transferred. No space qualification follows from the catalog."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-ad8af8b5d83ab1"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-OPT-ETENDUE1985 · Focal plane optics in far-infrared and submillimeter astronomy

ref: S073

url: https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19860004735/downloads/19860004735.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["printedpp 5-7; equation 1; section 3"]

access: open NASA technicalreport

conditions: []

limits: ["The geometrical-optics relation is transferable; the far-infrared materials, bolometer performance and diffraction numbers are not.","Finite filter cones and detector acceptance constrain practical ultraviolet throughput."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-fe8e8c419bf915"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-OPT-LIS2000 · Laboratory Calibration of the Optical Transient Detector and the Lightning Imaging Sensor

ref: S074

url: https://ghrc.nsstc.nasa.gov/pub/doc/preservation/lis/documents/lis-otd/calibration_data/LabCalofOTDandLIS.pdf

doi: 10.1175/1520-0426(2000)017<0905:LCOTOT>2.0.CO;2

locators: ["printed pp.908-910, sections 4-5; p.912 discussion"]

access: Primary journal article preserved by NASA GHRC

conditions: []

limits: ["These are 777 nm imager results, not a ready 4 nm 337 nm Cube Sat design.","Passband measurements excluded OOB regions, whose verification was separate vendor testing.","Laboratory detection efficiency depends on the input population and operational thresholds; published estimates are not this mission yield."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-d6efd9c7553acb"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-OPT-NIST-WAVELENGTH · NIST oxygen persistent lines and wavelength convention

ref: S075

url: https://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/Handbook/Tables/oxygentable3_a.htm

doi: null

locators: ["O I 7771.94, 7774.17, 7775.39 Å rows; Handbook section A Wavelengths"]

access: Official NIST tables and handbook wavelength convention; full table inspected.

conditions: []

limits: ["Source spectra, solar standards, monochromator calibration and filter specification must use a declared common convention.","An air-vacuum coordinate conversion is separate from an actual coating passband change when changing ambient pressure. Both require metadata."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-5e0ba0d1aa9071"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-OPT-SOPAPILLA2026 · Atomic oxygen photometric temperature of lightning and its sub-processes with SOPAPILLA

ref: S076

url: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-34189-8

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-34189-8

locators: ["Methods: Instruments, Data analysis; Figure 6"]

access: open publisher fulltext

conditions: ["PDA100A2 photodiodes; 20 dB gain","Ground NIR channels 777/844/926 nm 1 nm filters; 812 nm 10 nm continuum; 20 deg FOV; 800 kHzsampling."]

limits: ["NIR bright-light conditions do not validate faint 337 nm receiver.","Authors average blocking 1 e−4 from Xray tofar IR lacks a source-specific measured blocking curve; do not use as verified optical-density requirement.","Telecentric/lens mitigation does not eliminate cone-dependent shift."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-43d6f0fbaa9716"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-PARTICLE-ICECUBE2011 · Ice Cube sensitivity for low-energy neutrinos from nearby supernovae

ref: S077

url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1108.0171

doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201117810

locators: ["section 3.2, PDF pp.5-6; Figures 2-3"]

access: Primary author manuscript v 2, September 2011; section 3.2 and figures inspected. PDF rendering shows a later automatic 2018 header.

conditions: []

limits: ["This is a cold underwater/ice assembly, not a satellite rate prediction or proof that our fused-silica filter will behave identically.","It demonstrates that millisecond internal light bursts are physically possible; a >3 ms duration criterion alone is not a universal particle/noise veto. Copying the dead-time cure would impair this mission’s rise-time measurement."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-82d0dce563ddcf"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-PARTICLE-TUS2021 · Application of neural networks to classification of data of the TUS orbital telescope

ref: S078

url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.03361

doi: null

locators: ["section 2 pp.3-4; section 3.1 pp.5-8"]

access: Primary author manuscript v 2, 1 July 2021, full PDF.

conditions: []

limits: ["Trigger fractions are selected acquisition statistics, not a transferable probability for this photometer. A UV-chain-only artifact need not appear in a red null channel.","The separate first-day high-voltage/daylight fault damaged 51 channels; it must not be presented as cumulative radiation degradation."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-ebc45ff713b161"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-RAD-ANISIMOVA2017 · Mitigating radiation damage of single photon detectors for space applications

ref: S079

url: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjqt/s40507-017-0062-z

doi: 10.1140/epjqt/s40507-017-0062-z

locators: ["sections 2.1-2.2, 3, 4.1-4.2; Figures 3, 5-7; Table 2"]

access: Primary published open-access full text verified.

conditions: []

limits: ["Specific bench samples and 780 nm characterization do not predict 337 nm sensitivity or this 550 km mission.","PMT sample statistics were small and unaged, with a suspect outlier; no detector-class radiation ranking follows.","Switching off affects some bias-related damage; it does not block displacement damage or guarantee restored sensitivity."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-e8d808c792d0ab"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-RAD-DSOUZA2021 · Repeated radiation damage and thermal annealing of avalanche photodiodes

ref: S080

url: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjqt/s40507-021-00103-0

doi: 10.1140/epjqt/s40507-021-00103-0

locators: ["sections 2-4; Figures 3-7; Appendix annealing time"]

access: Primary open-access full text verified; raw datasets available only on author request, which was not made.

conditions: []

limits: ["The stated orbital years assume 600 km and 10 mm Al; this is accelerated bench evidence, not flight validation.","Conditional versus periodic differences may include small-sample variation. A 2 kcps maintenance threshold chosen for QKD is not a photometer threshold.","Very cold operation/thermal cycling requires an actual receiver thermal-power and qualification design."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-4501c17668d0e5"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-RAD-GRB2025 · Characterization of more than three years of in-orbit radiation damage of SiPM s on GRBA lpha and VZLUSAT-2 Cube Sats

ref: S081

url: https://arxiv.org/html/2411.00607v2

doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2025.170513

locators: ["sections 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2; Figures 9, 11-16; equations 2, 5"]

access: open author manuscript; complete methods inspected

conditions: ["Hamamatsu S13360-3050 PE; 4 parallel/channel, 8 total","Initial 550 km and 535 km sun-synchronous orbits; 2-2.5 mm PbSb shield; evolving orbit and temperature; 10 us shaping, 15 us processing."]

limits: ["Reported DCR is not intrinsic primary avalanche DCR.","AP8 flux uncertainty factor two; detailed shielding matters.","No applicable 337 nm PDE, NEP or receiver lifetime guarantee."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-3ea02b6a7d4537"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-RAD-GRID2022 · In-orbit radiation damage characterization of SiPM s in the GRID-02 Cube Sat detector

ref: S082

url: https://arxiv.org/html/2205.10506v2

doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2022.167510

locators: ["sections 3, 4; equations 2, 6; device/current figures"]

access: open author manuscript; methods and measured slopes inspected

conditions: ["Micro FJ-60035-TSV; 16 parallel/channel, four channels","457×467 km, 97.2 deg; 28.5 V fixed bias; current normalized 5 C; no active cooling."]

limits: ["Flight altitude is lower than 550 km.","Scintillator ke V noise cannot directly become 337 nm optical NEP.","Conference preliminary−20 C estimate 50 uA/year differs from final 40; use final."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-d4f6ad4005fb0f"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-RAD-SPOOQY2025 · Comparing a radiation damage model for avalanche photodiodes through in-situ observation of Cube Sat based devices

ref: S083

url: https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-025-02042-z

doi: 10.1038/s42005-025-02042-z

locators: ["Methods: Radiation effects on GM-APDs; Results Figs.6-7; Data availability"]

access: Open primary journal article

conditions: ["Two SAP500 GM-APDs; free-running passive quench with feedback maintaining excess bias","Spoo Qy-1, 51.6 degree inclination, altitude 418 to 378 km during 600 days; DCR comparison normalized to 10 C"]

limits: ["Part-to-part variation and anisotropic geometry prevent transferring a universal growth coefficient to a fixed 550 km polar orbit.","Underlying data and code are available on request, not public."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-5422f31235d500"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-RAD-ULTRASATTID2023 · Total Ionizing Dose Effects on CMOS Image Sensor for the ULTRASAT Space Mission

ref: S084

url: https://arxiv.org/html/2306.15307v1

doi: null

locators: ["sections 2-5; Figures 2-4"]

access: open author manuscript, NIMA 1054(2023)168463

conditions: ["Tower 180 nm 4 Tteststructures similar tofinal CIS","Co 60 HZB/CERN; maximumapplicablebias; roomtemperature; measurements up 2 monthsafterirradiation."]

limits: ["These are test structures, not a final flight device; nominal 300 s exposures differ greatly from a 20 us transient sample.","Dark-current random telegraph signals and prompt charge hits require separate treatment. Reported dwell times range from microseconds to weeks.","No generic CMOS NEP or polar-orbit transient rate follows from this study."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-55528f5453d1f6"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

DO-WIDEGAP-SG01D · SG01D-18S silicon carbide UV photodiode datasheet

ref: S085

url: https://sglux.de/download/photodiodes/SG01D-18S.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["specification table; spectral-response curve"]

access: Official manufacturer datasheet; revision 7.0

conditions: ["sglux SG01D-18S, 0.50 square millimetre SiC photodiode","Dark current at 25 C, 1 V reverse bias; peak responsivity at 280 nm"]

limits: ["Peak responsivity must not be applied at 337 nm.","No internal multiplication; capacitance and front-end voltage noise remain relevant.","Optical UV-aging evidence is not automatically proton displacement-damage qualification."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/evidence_ledger.jsonl

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-cdede7a8735a31"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

EU-et9111 · 9111B series data sheet, Issue 9, 25 January 2016

ref: S086

url: https://et-enterprises.com/images/data_sheets/9111B.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["p 1 window/spectral/active-area tables; p 2 ordering and flying-lead drawing"]

access: Public supplier/reference document, scope qualified by the linked audit; no unrecorded full-text access claimed.

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/european_supplier_qualification/qualification_review.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-abcbad12e43783"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: manufacturer_specification

EU-et9113 · 9113B series data sheet, Issue 7, 7 May 2015

ref: S087

url: https://et-enterprises.com/images/data_sheets/9113B.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["p 1 characteristics/window table; p 2 ordering information and 9113FLB drawing"]

access: Public supplier/reference document, scope qualified by the linked audit; no unrecorded full-text access claimed.

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/european_supplier_qualification/qualification_review.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-8fa3bf9c83db83"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: manufacturer_specification

EU-etbase · HV2520CN series data sheet

ref: S088

url: https://et-enterprises.com/images/data_sheets/HV2520CN.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["p 1 description and schematic; p 2 mating/ordering information"]

access: Public supplier/reference document, scope qualified by the linked audit; no unrecorded full-text access claimed.

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/european_supplier_qualification/qualification_review.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-f3b8005ab9292d"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: manufacturer_specification

EU-etprecautions · ET Enterprises: Precautions

ref: S089

url: https://et-enterprises.com/support/precautions

doi: null

locators: ["Photomultiplier Envelope; General Operation; Sockets and Overcaps"]

access: Public supplier/reference document, scope qualified by the linked audit; no unrecorded full-text access claimed.

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/european_supplier_qualification/qualification_review.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-80b1100d0f5a9c"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: manufacturer_installation_guidance

EU-excelfactory · Excelitas Canada operations, Vaudreuil-Dorion

ref: S090

url: https://prod.excelitas.com/location/montreal-qc-canada-operations

doi: null

locators: ["Facility description: silicon and III-V sensors/emitters"]

access: web tool full text, 2026-10-22

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/european_supplier_qualification/qualification_review.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-33f77563ad50b9"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: manufacturer_facility_statement

EU-fsapd · First Sensor APD arrays official selector

ref: S091

url: https://www.first-sensor.com/en/produkte/optische-sensoren/detektoren/avalanche-photodioden-arrays-apd-arrays/

doi: null

locators: ["Multi-Element Arrays table, order 3005259 and 3001411; evaluation board table"]

access: web tool full text, 2026-10-22

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/european_supplier_qualification/qualification_review.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-b52f92bc48547e"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: manufacturer_product_listing

EU-fsesa · ESA ESCC Process Capability Approval List entry for First Sensor Lewicki

ref: S092

url: https://escies.org/download/webDocumentFile?id=70759

doi: null

locators: ["ESCC/RP/HP/PCAL 008 Issue 15, printed pp 24-25, §5.3.2"]

access: Public supplier/reference document, scope qualified by the linked audit; no unrecorded full-text access claimed.

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/european_supplier_qualification/qualification_review.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-0b16967a7834c7"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: formal_process_qualification_scope

EU-lcfactory · LASER COMPONENTS Detector Group manufacturing location

ref: S093

url: https://www.lasercomponents.com/en/company/about-us/laser-components-group/laser-components-detector-group/

doi: null

locators: ["Chandler, Arizona detector manufacturing description"]

access: Public supplier/reference document, scope qualified by the linked audit; no unrecorded full-text access claimed.

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/european_supplier_qualification/qualification_review.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-d212bb1e884e0a"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: manufacturer_facility_statement

EU-lcsur · SUR-Series UV-enhanced Silicon Avalanche Photodiode, V 09, 01/20

ref: S094

url: https://www.lasercomponents.com/fileadmin/user_upload/home/Datasheets/lc-apd/sur-series.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["p 1 package/active size; p 3 electrical characteristics; p 5 ordering; p 7 cooled versions"]

access: Public supplier/reference document, scope qualified by the linked audit; no unrecorded full-text access claimed.

conditions: ["Marked PRELIMINARY throughout; this is the file linked by the current selector, not proof of current guaranteed production acceptance limits"]

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/european_supplier_qualification/qualification_review.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-85aea18ca7650a"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: preliminary_manufacturer_specification

EU-photekds · Photek Photomultiplier Tube DS 006 Rev 05 Oct 21

ref: S095

url: https://www.photek.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/PH-DS006-PhotomultiplierTube-Rev05-Oct21.pdf

doi: null

locators: ["pp 1-2 detector options/QE curves; p 5 environmental testing and ordering table; p 6 UK address"]

access: Public supplier/reference document, scope qualified by the linked audit; no unrecorded full-text access claimed.

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/european_supplier_qualification/qualification_review.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-fc63d6e14cc148"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: manufacturer_specification

EU-uvit · Tandon et al., In-orbit Performance of UVIT and First Results, public author manuscript

ref: S096

url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1612.00612

doi: 10.1007/s12036-017-9445-x

locators: ["printed pp 3, 5-6 §2.2; p 11 §3.3; pp 13-14 first VIS images"]

access: Public supplier/reference document, scope qualified by the linked audit; no unrecorded full-text access claimed.

conditions: ["Public arXiv 1612.00612 manuscript, posted 2 December 2016; not asserted identical to the 2017 version of record"]

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: detectors_optics/european_supplier_qualification/qualification_review.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-d1ddc65ef5fbe7"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: independent_flight_instrument_paper

R4-CLOUDSCAT · Luque etal.2020: Modeling lightning observations from space-based platforms(CloudScat.jl 1.0)

ref: S097

url: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/13/5549/2020/

doi: 10.5194/gmd-13-5549-2020

locators: ["Sections 2-4: Monte Carlo cloud source/observer implementation and applications"]

access: Open primary article; source/model methods inspected in project and official article reopened 22 October 2026

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: Article CC BY 4.0. No third-party restricted raw observations reproduced.

record_provenance: Official article and frozen project source/model audit

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-d55f938564b336","SRC-fc3c53cf71c9a5"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

ahmad2014-2015-uppsala-opposing-evidence · Latitude dependence of narrow bipolar pulse emissions; author dissertation count audit

ref: S098

url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S136468261500053X

doi: 10.1016/j.jastp.2015.03.005

locators: ["Ahmad 2014 thesis section 3.3 printedp 43","Ahmad 2015 abstract","Thesispp 43, 46-48; 2015 abstract"]

access: 2015 publisher abstract and snippets; full 2014 Uppsala author dissertation downloaded

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: sources_population/evidence_ledger.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-6e6a73a08bacbf"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

airfly-quenching-physics · AIRFLY measured pressure, temperature and absolute 337 nm high-energy fluorescence yield

ref: S099

url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1210.6734

doi: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.12.006

locators: ["AIRFLY 2013 absolute result","AIRFLY 2007 pressurepaper","AIRFLY 2008 Table 1 and Eq 1-3"]

access: Three openauthor PDFs downloaded, text extracted, SHA 256 saved in emission_kinetics/retrieval.json

conditions: []

limits: ["The 216.65 K case is an extrapolation, not a measured flight cloud profile or source electron-energy distribution.","A nanosecond excited-state lifetime cannot constrain a continually re-excited source to a nanosecond optical duration."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: sources_population/evidence_ledger.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-c7ab9892d9f1ff","SRC-1ed7213cf7f22d"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

bai2023-bath-waveform · Height Determination of a Blue Discharge Observed by ASIM/MMIA on the International Space Station

ref: S100

url: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2022JD037460

doi: 10.1029/2022JD037460

locators: ["Publicfig 5.fig; MATLAB axis YL abel properties","fig 5 line 03/02","Section 3 and Figure 3","Section 6 and Supplement Figure S1","Author Figure 5 arrays; analyze_bath_waveform.py"]

access: Public 95.1 MB ZIP inspected by HTTPR ange; selected MATLAB figures retrieved with ZIPCRC checks. Full paper inspected. Numeric figure arrays decoded without executing MATLAB.

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: sources_population/evidence_ledger.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-607e08fb77a7db"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

bath2023-context-waveform · Ordinary/mixed optical-radio context in public BATH-01103 Figure 4

ref: S101

url: https://researchdata.bath.ac.uk/1103/

doi: 10.1029/2022JD037460

locators: ["Published Figure 4 numeric axes andlineobjects"]

access: Selected MATLAB figure entry retrieved by HTTPR ange, ZIPCRC/SHA 256 verified; boundedparser readsnumericdata without executing MATLAB objects

conditions: []

limits: ["A useful replay fixture, with no classifier confusion matrix or population completeness."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: sources_population/evidence_ledger.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-607e08fb77a7db","SRC-550d96011a84a9"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

bitzer2026-group-matching · Group Data and Detection Efficiency Analysis for the Modular Multispectral Imaging Array

ref: S102

url: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2025JD045209

doi: 10.1029/2025JD045209

locators: ["Abstract","pbitzer/mmia_groupingv 0.1.1 grouping.pyfind_clusters"]

access: Publisher/full redirects toabstract; abstract anddata statement verified, full methods not obtained. Public source tagv 0.1.1 inspected statically, not executed.

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: sources_population/evidence_ledger.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-9ebdef7613c526"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

chuang2022-catalogue-actual-joint-flags · Global Distribution and Spectral Features of Intense Lightning by the ISUAL Experiment

ref: S103

url: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2022JD036473

doi: 10.1029/2022JD036473

locators: ["Independentparsers ofpublishedcatalogue; matchesall 6 publishedmarginalsexactly","audit_chuang 2022_catalog.py"]

access: Full primary HTML; 18, 338, 400 byte CCBY catalogue retrieved with exact supplied MD 5 verification

conditions: []

limits: ["Selected intense limb lightning; changing high voltage and response; fixed 22:30-23:20 local time; assumed 10 km geolocation height.","The SP5 band near 774-785 nm differs from the proposed 4 nm filter; no matched photon-threshold comparison is established.","The source paper explanation of SAA background was not independently separated from particle and instrument effects."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: sources_population/evidence_ledger.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-1e170292433d76"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

guo2025-independent-streamer-field · Measurement of the electric field distribution in streamer discharges

ref: S104

url: https://pure.tue.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/350964030/PhysRevResearch.7.013051.pdf

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.013051

locators: ["Laboratory streamer electric-field method and 70 mbar profiles; optical curves normalized, not an absolute 337 nm-current calibration."]

access: Complete primary main paper; supplemental access failed

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: sources_population/evidence_ledger.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-b589588904d51b"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

juice2026-majis-spectra · JUICE-MAJIS Earth-flyby lightning spectra

ref: S105

url: https://angeo.copernicus.org/articles/44/435/2026/

doi: 10.5194/angeo-44-435-2026

locators: ["Instrument/resultssections","Spectralresultfigure/text"]

access: Fullopenprimary HTML

conditions: []

limits: ["The stated raw MAJIS data access remains proprietary until about six months after the 2029 EGA3 encounter; no archive spectra were downloaded.","No 337/777 ratio, intrinsic line width, source-current calibration or mission population inference follows."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: sources_population/evidence_ledger.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-153765965fea72"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

li2021-shallow-fast · Blue Flashes as Counterparts to Narrow Bipolar Events: The Optical Signal of Shallow In-Cloud Discharges

ref: S106

url: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2021JD035013

doi: 10.1029/2021JD035013

locators: ["Table 1"]

access: Full publisher HTML inspected; numerical Table 1 retained as published

conditions: []

limits: ["Overlaps Liu Nature 2021 twelveeventstudy and 2025 elves subset; do notadd counts as independent samples.","Shows source population not universally>3 ms. No completeness."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: sources_population/evidence_ledger.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-150bf6b9f9e328"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

li2022-multipulse · Multi-Pulse Corona Discharges in Thunderclouds Observed in Optical and Radio Bands

ref: S107

url: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2022GL098938

doi: 10.1029/2022GL098938

locators: ["Section 3"]

access: Full text accessible via publisher web reader; PMC frontpage presentedbrowserchallenge

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: sources_population/evidence_ledger.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-441bd6bf014b65"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

night-selection-layer-shadow · Night, cloud shadow and spacecraft eclipse are different conditions

ref: S108

url: https://gssc.esa.int/navipedia/index.php/Satellite_Eclipses

doi: null

locators: ["audit_night_selection.py"]

access: Primary ESA technicalequation plus NASA sourceand GOLD twilightpaper

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: sources_population/evidence_ledger.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-98d40aeb61bfee"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

pervez2024-current-inverse · Remote Sensing of Source Currents of Narrow Bipolar Events Using Measured Electric Fields

ref: S109

url: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2023GL107789

doi: 10.1029/2023GL107789

locators: ["Sections 2.2 and 3, equations 7-10","Section 3 Figure 3","Erratum, corrected 29 March 2025"]

access: Full publisher HTML, including March 2025 erratum, inspected. Public code/data DOI 10.26208/xtw 7-zk 59 metadata retrieved; actual archive files not retrieved.

conditions: []

limits: ["Forward reproduction demonstrates consistency within the assumed source model, not uniqueness across geometries or current profiles. The paper explicitly says deconvolution non-uniqueness is not addressed.","No optical/current calibration or new 337 nm measurements."]

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: sources_population/evidence_ledger.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-5998b97b239ec4"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

soler2022-peak-bins · Global Distribution of Key Features of Streamer Corona Discharges in Thunderclouds

ref: S110

url: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2022JD037535

doi: 10.1029/2022JD037535

locators: ["Figure 5 caption","Figure 6 caption","Table 1","Section 4 paragraph after Figure 6; concluding paragraph","Section 3, Table 1","Figure 10 caption"]

access: Full text accessible through web reader; publisher shell GET previously 403; author-repository PDF also located but not downloaded

conditions: []

limits: []

rights: License/redistribution not established by this record. Paraphrased findings and original links only; no restricted raw archive data reproduced.

record_provenance: sources_population/evidence_ledger.json

registry_identity_links: ["SRC-7db7c03a11f3f1"]

accessed: 2026-10-21/22 campaign; exact requests retained in source receipts

source_role: Independent primary measurement, published model, manufacturer specification or official reference as explicitly indicated in access/conditions; not all sources are measurements.

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

source_kind_as_recorded: null

R4-GHM-LUT · HYGEOS public bulk-ice GHM optical-property table and SMART-G reader

url: https://docs.hygeos.com/public.php/webdav/ic_baum_ghm_sol.nc

doi: null

locators: ["Native 330/340 nm, 10 micrometre effective-radius scalar P 11 slice; 594 angle nodes; verified extraction from full Net CDF."]

access: Public model file retrieved and private subset verified against full Net CDF; new revision used retained optical-model input.

conditions: ["Scalar phase, linear wavelength interpolation andassumed SSA 1. These are modeled bulkice properties, not a measured anvil."]

limits: ["No native phase-grid/habit convergence or actual event validation.","Warren-Brandt ultraviolet imaginary-index upper-limit assumptions do not establish real ice/impurity absorption."]

rights: Raw full LUT and private subset are not redistributed by these PDFs. Originalprovider link and derived model diagnostics only.

record_provenance: analysis/cloud/QA.json andmodel metadata;originaltablehash retained.

registry_identity_links: []

accessed: 2026-10-21/22

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

ref: S111

source_kind_as_recorded: null

R4-LAMBERT · Physically Based Rendering, 4 th edition: Diffuse Reflection

url: https://www.pbr-book.org/4ed/Reflection_Models/Diffuse_Reflection

doi: null

locators: ["Lambertian reflection model and radiance/irradiance normalization."]

access: Official author-published technical reference used for the idealreflection law.

conditions: ["BRDF=rho/pi; own finite-FOV/delay integration in this study."]

limits: ["A real cloud BRDF and internal residence time are not measured by this surface law."]

rights: Originaltechnical reference linked; own derived integrals only.

record_provenance: analysis/analytic/reflection/derivation_and_qualification.json

registry_identity_links: []

accessed: 2026-10-22

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

ref: S112

source_kind_as_recorded: null

R4-SCIPY_POISSON · Sci Py official Poisson distribution API

url: https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.poisson.html

doi: null

locators: ["Methods sf/logsf; Notes PMF"]

access: Official numerical API documentation checked by the statistical study; software versions retained in its receipt.

conditions: ["Numerical implementation documentation; web manual 1.18.0, installed library 1.18.1."]

limits: ["Implementation documentation is not an independent experiment or instrument validation."]

rights: Documentation linked; generated statistical results andown derivations only.

record_provenance: analysis/statistics/statistics_results.json:source_refs

registry_identity_links: []

accessed: 2026-10-22

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

ref: S113

source_kind_as_recorded: null

R4-SCIPY_BINOM · Sci Py official binomial distribution API

url: https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.binom.html

doi: null

locators: ["Methods sf; Notes binomial PMF"]

access: Official numerical API documentation checked by the statistical study; software versions retained in its receipt.

conditions: ["On/off conditional test implementation."]

limits: ["Implementation documentation is not an independent experiment or instrument validation."]

rights: Documentation linked; generated statistical results andown derivations only.

record_provenance: analysis/statistics/statistics_results.json:source_refs

registry_identity_links: []

accessed: 2026-10-22

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

ref: S114

source_kind_as_recorded: null

R4-SCIPY_CHI2 · Sci Py official chi-square distribution API

url: https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.chi2.html

doi: null

locators: ["Methods ppf/isf"]

access: Official numerical API documentation checked by the statistical study; software versions retained in its receipt.

conditions: ["Poisson interval inversion."]

limits: ["Implementation documentation is not an independent experiment or instrument validation."]

rights: Documentation linked; generated statistical results andown derivations only.

record_provenance: analysis/statistics/statistics_results.json:source_refs

registry_identity_links: []

accessed: 2026-10-22

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

ref: S115

source_kind_as_recorded: null

R4-NUMPY_POISSON · Num Py official Generator.poisson API

url: https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/random/generated/numpy.random.Generator.poisson.html

doi: null

locators: ["Generator.poisson; Notes PMF"]

access: Official numerical API documentation checked by the statistical study; software versions retained in its receipt.

conditions: ["Synthetic exact Poisson variate generator; current web manual differs from installed 2.3.5."]

limits: ["Implementation documentation is not an independent experiment or instrument validation."]

rights: Documentation linked; generated statistical results andown derivations only.

record_provenance: analysis/statistics/statistics_results.json:source_refs

registry_identity_links: []

accessed: 2026-10-22

authors_as_recorded: []

publication_date_as_recorded: null

ref: S116

source_kind_as_recorded: null